Heating apparatus



May y Q. Mo MAIER 2,244

HEATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 28, 1940 I 3 ShetS-Shet 1 (g 0' 'H y Q f 3/50 big /vim 7 '1,' INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 13, 194i. G. M. MAIER HEATINGAPPARATUS Filed Feb. 28, 1940 I5 Sheets-Sheep 2 BY@ t ww ATTORNEY May13, 1941. G. M. MAIER 2,241,864

HEATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 28, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 13,1941 HEATING APPARATUS George M. Maier, Mount Lebanon, Pa., assignor toAmerican Radiator & poration, New York, N.

Delaware Standard Sanitary Cor- Y., a corporation of ApplicationFebruary 28, 1940, Serial No. 321,267

S Claims.

This invention relates to heating apparatus and more particularly tounitary heating devices adapted to be arranged within the room spaces ofa building and operable totransmit the heat to the air of the roomspaces by convection.

This invention has for an object to provide heating apparatus of theabove type which is simple and inexpensive in its construction and whichis dependable and efficient in operation.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts, to be more fully described hereinafter, and the novelty of whichwill be particularly pointed out `and distinctly claimed. n

In the accompanying drawings, tov be taken as a part of thisspecification, I have fully and clearly illustrated a preferredembodiment of my invention, in which drawings- Fig. 1 is a fragmentaryvertical sectional view illustrating my invention as installed within amultiple story building, the heating apparatus being shown in frontelevation;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 andshowing on an enlarged scale one of the unitary heatingdevices which isconstructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the unit shown in Fig. 2 with certainportions thereof being broken away and shown in section so as toillustrate more clearly the interior structure of the unit;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the unit shown in Figs. 2 and 3 with certain ofthe parts being broken away and shown in section;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the in-` side of the removablecasing front;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 2 and showing amodified form of my invention, the view being takenl on the line 6--6 ofFig. 8;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of the modified form of unitaryheating device lshown in Fig. 6, a portion of the device being shown inhorizontal section to disclose the interior structure thereof;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary front elevation of the device shown in Figs. 6and 7, with certain of the parts being broken away and others shown insection to disclose the interior structure;

Fig. 9 is an exploded View showing in perspective the details of theback portion and removable cover portion oi the modied form of myinvention; and

Fig. is a perspective view illustrating a modified form of bailleconstruction.

Referring now in detail to the construction illustrated and first to themodification shown f in Figs. 1 to 5 incl., it will be observed that Ithrough an outside wall I4 thereof. As is common in buildings, thewindow openings of the several floors are arranged, respectively, one

above the other `and in vertical alignment.

The heating apparatus comprises improved unitary heating devices I5 andI5a which are shown as being located, respectively, in the floors I0 andIl Iand alongside the outside wall I4 and beneath the windows I2 and I3.Asuitable heating fluid, such as steam, may be supplied to the uppermostdevice I5a by a verticallyarranged flow pipe I6, which may be connectedat its other or upper end to another device, like the devices I5 'andI5a located in an upper floor (not shown) v; or, the upper end of thepipe I6 may be connected directly to a source devices.

of steam supply such, for example, as a steam boiler (not shown). Thedevice I5a. may be also connected to a vertically-arranged steam flowpipe I'l extending between the lower discharge end of the device I5a andthe upper supply end of the device I5. Likewise, the lower discharge endof the device I5 may be connected to the upper end of avertically-arranged flow pipe I3, and the latter may be connected at itslower end to either la device similar to the devices I5 and |50. or tothe return side of the heating system.

From the above, it will be .apparent that I have elected to show myimprovements as incorporated in a heating system of the type wherein theheating uid such as steam iiows in series through the several unitaryheating devices located, respectively, one above the other in theseveral floors of the building, and that the steam flow pipes are ofsufficient size to supply the steam to all of the unitary heatingdevices and to conduct away the condensate from such The building maycomprise any number of oors, and the unitary devices I5 and I5a may forma part of a vertical bank or row of such devices in a larger building.Also, there may be a larger number of vertical banks or rows arranged inparallel and with the unitary devices of each bank connected in series,as shown. It will be appreciated however that my invention is not to beconsidered as being limited in all of its aspects to its incorporationin a heating system of this type; for, in so far as certain of itsbroader aspects are concerned, my improvements may form a part of otherforms of steam heating systems and also hot water heating systems.

Each of the improved form of unitary heating devices I5 and I5acomprises an enclosure or casing 26 which is of suiiicient length topro- Vide two end portions 2| which are shown as extending,respectively, beyond the two vertical sides of the window in front ofwhich the` device is located. In each device, one of its end portions 2lis adapted to receive through a pipe opening 22 formed in the topthereof, the lower end of a steam ow pipe, and is adapted to receivethrough the bottom of its other end portion 2I, the upper end of a steamow pipe.

From an examination of Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it will be notedthat each ofthe casings of the unitary heating devices comprises a rear wall 23, afront wall 24, end walls Aand 26 and a top wall 21. The rear wall 23 isarranged adjacent the room fall I4 and between the window sill 3Q andthe floor 3| of the room in which the casing is located. The top wall issecured by suitable screws 32 to the lower part of the sill 3U, and isformed along its four edges with front, end and rear depending flanges33, 34, and 35, respectively. The rear depending flange is suitab-lysecured to the upper edge of the rear wall 23 by spotwelding. Thevertical end walls 25 and 25 of the casing are suitably secured to thetop wall 21 by spotwelding to the depending end ilanges 34. Each of theend walls 25 and 26 is also provided with inwardly-extending flanges 31and 33 at the front and rear thereof, respectively. The` end walls 25and 26 are suitably secured to the rear wall 23 by spotweld-v ing eachof the flanges 38 to the two outer vertical edge portions of the rearwall 23.

The front wall 24 of each casing extends between the flanges 31 and isso constructed that it may be readily removed and replaced in positionon the casing. To this end, an angle member is suitably spotwelded tothe inside surface of the front wall and at the lower part of thelatter, and the angle member is provided at its lower edge with adownwardly and inwardly extending lip 4I which is spaced from the insidesurface of the front wall and receives therebetween an upwardlyextending ange 42 of a Z bar 43. The Z bar 43 is fixed by screws 44 atits ends to brackets 45 spotwelded to the casing end walls 25 and 26.Thus,v the front `wall is supported by the Z bar 43 and is securedthereby at its lower edge to the remaining portions of thecasing. Theupper edge of the removable front wall 24 is detachably secured to thecasing by a plurality of spring clips 41 fixed to the front wall 24 andenga/ging beneath a depending vertical flange 48 of a Z bar 49. The bar49 is suitably spotwelded to the flange 33 depending from the forwardedge of the top wall 21. The spring clips 41 may be readily detached bypulling the upper part of the Afront wall forwardly to disengage theclips 41, and the front wall may then be easily disengaged from theflange 42 by lifting the wall 24. To replace the front wall 24 the lowerend is rst engaged with the flange 42 of Z bar 43 and the upper end thenswung inwardly toward the casing and until the clips 41 engage beneaththe ange 48.

Each casing 20 is open at its lower end to prosoi vide an air inletopening 50 communicating with the room in which it is located and isprovided in the top wall 21 with an air outlet grille or opening 5I,which also communicates with the room. The openings 50 and 5I areconnected by a vertical flue space 52 which is dened by the insidesurfaces of the rear wall 23, end walls 25 and 26, and front wall 24. y

Each of the unitary heating devices is provided with convectorheat-emitting elements which are arranged in spaced relation across theflue space 52. In the drawings, I have shown these heat-emittingelements as convector radiators 54 and 55 formed of cast iron and havingvertical heat dissipating iins 56 formed thereon. While in so far as thebroader aspects of this invention are concerned, any number of radiatorsmay be installed within a casing or enclosure, I have elected to show ineach casing the two radiators 54 and 55 arranged at substantially thesame level across the Iflue space 52 and adjacent the end walls 25 and26, respectively, of the casing.

Each radiator 54 is provided in its top and adjacent one end thereofwith a threaded pipe connection 58 and is provided in the lower part ofthe other end with a threaded pipe connection 59. The other radiator 55is provided in its bottom and adjacent one end with a threaded pipeconnection 69 and in the lower part of its other end with a pipeconnection 6|. Each radiator' 54 may be termed the inlet radiator as itrst receives the steam, and each radiator 55 may be termed the outletradiator. The radiators 54 and 55 are connected by a connecting iiowpipe 62 threadedly engaging at its opposite ends with the pipeconnections 59 and 6I, respectively.

As stated, the uni-tary heating devices I5 and I5a are adapted to beconnected for series flow therethrough of a heating fluid, such assteam. In order to accomplish this, the flow pipe I6, which is the steamsupply pipe, is shown in Fig. 1 as being located alongside one of thevertical sides of the window I3.; the ilow pipe I1 connecting thedevices I5 and I5a is shown as being located along the vertical side ofvthe window I2 which is opposite to the pipe I6, and the ow pipe I8 islocated directly beneath the pipe I6. On account of this the position ofthe radiators 54 and 55 in the device I5a is shown as being reversed oropposite to the position of the radiators 54 and 55 in the device I5.The inlet radiator 54 of the device I 5a is shown in Fig. l as beingadjacent the end wall 26 with its connection 58 in vertical alignmentand receiving the threaded lower end of the pipe I6, and the outletradiator 55 of the device 15a is located adjacent the end wall 25 and invertical alignment and receiving the threaded upper .end of the ow pipeI1. In the device I5 the inlet radiator 54 is adjacent the end wall 25and .receives the lower end of the .pipe I1, and the outlet radiator 55is adjacent the e'nd wall 26 and receives the upper end of pipe I 8.

As stated, the improved heating devices I5 and I5a are shown as beingincorporated .in a system wherein the steam flows through such devices4in series. The reason for such an arrangement is to reduce the cost ofpiping.. As the ldevices I5 and I5a are connected in series, the flow ofsteam to any particular device cannot be regulated with respect .to thenow of steam to the other devices. Therefore, in order to control theheat output of the unitary heating ldevi-'ces Ain such a system, Iprovide a pivoted damper 65 in each of the casings 28 which extendsacross the iiue space 52 and may be adjusted .to regulate the gravityiiow of air upward over the radiators and into the room through thegrille Advantageously, the damper 65 is provided with a pivot 66journaled in spaced brackets 61 carried by the removable front wall 24.The pivot 65 of the damper |55 is so located that the damper tends atall times to remain fully open by its own weight and thereby permits thefree flow of air through the ue space. In order to regulate the positionof the damper, a bead chain 68 is connected at one end -to the damperand extends outwardly oi the casing through the key hole slot 69 in thefront wall 24, By means of the bead chain 68 and slot 69, the damper maybe closed entirely or may be adjusted to any desired mid-position, in amanner Well understood by those skilled in the art. When the damper 65is closed, air circulation through the ue space 52 is stopped. As theroom is heated primarily by the transmission of heat by convection tothe air iiowing upwardly over the external surfaces of the radiators 54and 55, the supply of heat to each unitary device and its room iseiectively controlled by the damper.

The unitary devices I5 and |5a are preferably of such a length that theflow pipes I6, |1, and I8 can be arranged at the sides of the windowsand be directly connected at their ends to the radiators 54 and 55without requiring the usual pipe fittings, such as Ts, elbows and thelike, and the resulting increased labor cost in installing such asystem. In order to make this possible, the radiators 54 and 55 have tobe arranged adjacent the end walls of their respective casings orenclosures 20, which results in the adjacent ends of the radiators beingspaced apart a substantial distance and being connected b-y theconnecting flow pipes 62.

In accordance with the present invention, I also provide a bafflingmeans for each of the unitary heating devices which cooperates with eachconnecting flow pipe 62 to restrict the upward flow of air through theregions of the iiue space between radiators, so as vto prevent the mainbody of air from by-passing the heat-emitting surfaces of the radiators54 and 55 and at the same time to provide for the flow of a small bodyof air over the outer surfaces of the connecting flow pipe 62 andthereby make use of the pipe as a heat-emitting surface. To this end, abaiile 1I) extends along the rear wall 23 of the casing opposite theconnecting flow pipe 62 and between the radiators 54 and 55 and isprovided with a flange 1| suitably spotwelded to the rear wall 23. Thebaille 10 extends inwardly from the rear wall 23 toward the iiow pipe 62and terminates a slight distance from the flow pipe to provide a smallopening 12, through which a small amount of air will flow over the pipe,Also, I provide a baffle 14 which is carried by the lower inside of thefront wall 24 and extends between the radiators 54 and 55 opposite theconnecting flow pipe 62. The baille 14 is formed with a ange 15 which issuitably spotwelded to the front wall 24 and the balile 14 extendsinwardly from the front wall toward the connecting flow pipe 82 andterminates a short distance therefrom to provide a relatively smallopening 16, through which air may iiow over the y radiators 54 and 55,and at the same time provide the small openings 12 and 'I6 which permita small flow over the connecting flow pipe 62 which, as stated above,results in the utilization of the iiow pipe as a heat-emitting surface.

In Figs, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, I have illustrated a modified form ofunitary heating device which is indicated, in general, by the referencenumeral I|5 and comprises a metal radiator enclosure or casing |28; apair of radiators |54 and |55, arranged across the interior of thecasing and connected by a flow pipe |52; and a baffling means whichcooperates with the connecting flow pipe |62 to restrict the upwardflo-w of air through the interior regions of the casing |28 which liebetween the radiators |54 and |55. As in the previously describedmodification, the purpose of such a baiiiing means is to prevent themain body of upwardly flowing air from by-passing the heat-emittingsurfaces of the radiators; and, at the same time, to provide for theflow of a small body of air over the connectingfiow pipe |62 and therebymake use of the latter as a heatemitting surface.

The casing |20 is composed of two unitary, fabricated metal parts, onepart 88 forming the back wall |23 and being supported in xed relation tothe room wall I4 by brackets 8|, and the other part 82 being removablyattached to the part 88 by screws 83 and including the front wall |24,end walls |25 and |26, and a top wall |21, The casing |20 is open at itsbottom to provide the air inlet opening |58 and is provided in its topwall |21 with an air outlet opening or grille |5I. The hollow interiorof the casing provides the vertical flue space |52, across which theradiators |54 and |55 and connecting flowpipe |62 are arranged. Abracket 84 is fixed to a lower corner of the xed part 88 and serves tosupport the outlet radiator |55. In installing my improvements, the roomwall I4 is first plastered, the part 8|] permanently attached to thewall ||4 by the bracket 8|, the radiators |54 and |55 and connecting Howpipes ||1, ||8 and |62 connected and installed, and then the removablepart 82 of the casing is secured in place by the screws 83.

As in the previously described modification, the casing |28 is madeextra long to provide the extensions |2| at each end thereof, and one ofthe latter is provided with an opening |22 for receiving the vertical owpipe ||1. In order to provide for attaching and removing the part 82after the installation of the radiators and iiow pipes, the opening |22is provided by forming, in the top wall |21, an open ended slot havingits closed or inner end curved, as indicated at 86,

to provide one half of the opening, and by pro-v viding a plate 81removably attached by a screw 88 within the outer end of the slot 85 andhaving a curved inner end 89 forming the other half of the opening.

A damper |65 is arranged across the flue space |52 and may be adjustedbetween full open and full closed positions to regulate the quantity ofheated air flowing out through the grille |5I. The damper is provided inits opposite ends with pivot pins |66 and the latter are `iournaledwithin brackets |51 suitably spotwelded to the top wall |21. A shaft 81is formed as an extension of one of the pivot pins |86 and extendsoutwardly through the end wall |26. A knob 88 is xed to the outer end ofthe shaft 81 and serves as a means of manually regulating the positionof the damper |65.

In the modined form of unitary heating device H5, the baiiling meansWhich vrestricts the up.- ward now of air in th-e regions adjacent thepipe |62, is advantageously formed as a one piece removable baiiledevice 96 (see Fig. 10). The device 96 is in the Yforni of a saddle-likeelement,

,comprising end members 6| and 92 formed, re-

spectively, with arcuate cut-away portions 93 and 94, spaced from oneanother and connected by bafile plates 55 and 96. As can be seen from anexamination of Figs, 6, 7, and 8, when the device 90 is placed inposition on the pipe |62, the cut-away portions 93 and 911| receive theupper surfaces of the pipe, and the plates 95 and 98 extend lengthwiseof the pipe |562 and at each side thereof. The device 90 is so formedthat the outer edges of the plates 65 and 56 engage or lie `directlyadjacent the Walls |23 and |24, respectively, and the inner edges of theplates 95 and "66 are spaced, respectively, from the opposite sides ofthe pipe |62 to form the small opening |72 and |16 through which arestricted upward oW of air about the pipe |62 is had.

From the above, it Will be apparent that I have provided a heatingapparatus Which is unusually simple in construction and which is Welladapted to be installed in a system with a minimum requirement of laborand materials. This is an important feature, for in large bulidings,such as the present low-cost housing projects, the number of steam 110Wpipes, elbows, and T connections for the heating systems and the laborvcost of connecting the elements of the system, are most importantitems. From the above, -it Will be apparent that by reason of thearrangement of the enclosure and the radiators in my improved unitaryheating devices so as to permit their connection With steam ow pipesWithout the use oi ttings, and by reason of the fact that I providebales to restrict the flow of air through the portion of the flue spacesnot occupied by the radiators, I am able to reduce materially the costof the heating system Without sacrificing its eniciency of operation.Furthermore, as the transmission of heat from each unitary device to theroom is effected almost entirely by convection air currents, the simpledamper regulating the flow of air through the flue space controls theheat output of the heating device Without requiring the usual controlvalves for the radiators. The cross-sectional areas of the radiators andof the steam now pipes are such that the several heating units of anyone vertical bank in a building may be connected in series Withoutdang-er of condensate interfering with the required flow of steam to anyparticular unit.

It is to be noted that in so far as certain of the broader aspects of myinvention are concerned, certain of the Walls of the casings'20 or |20,or their equivalent, may be formed by yportions of the room wall I4. Forexample, the rear Walls 23 or |23 may be omitted and th-e remainingWalls so arranged With respect to the room Wall that the face of thelatter Will function as the rear Wall of the casing and define in partthe ue passages 52 or 152. As a further eX- ample, the room Wall may beprovided with a recess of sufficient depth to function as both the rearWall and as the two end Walls of the casing. In the latter instance therear Walls 23, |23 and end Walls 25, |25 and 26, |26 could be omittedentirely and the front and top Walls of the casing so installed vWithrespect to the recess' as to denne the ue passages 52 or |52. Variousother modications of thev structure disclosed may be devised Withoutdeparting from the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis:4

l; Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room Wall and having spacedair inlet and air outlet openings therein and including Walls defining aflue space Within the interior thereof connecting said inlet and outletopenings; a convector heat-emitting device occupying a portion of vsaidflue space; a flow pipe for heating uid connected to said devicev andextending laterally across said flue space from said device and Withinthe portion of the latter not occupied by said device; and baflle meanscooperating With said now pipe to restrict air now through the portionof the flue space not occupied by said device so as to prevent the mainbody of air from by-passing the heating surfaces of said device and, atthe same time, to provide a restricted flow of air over said pipe forutilizing the heating surfaces of said pipe.

2. Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room Wall and having spacedair inlet and air outlet openings therein and including Walls defining aflue space Within the interior thereof connecting said inlet and outletopenings; a pair of convector radiators arranged across said nue spaceand occupying, respectively, laterally-spaced portions of said fluespace; a flow pipe for heating fluid connecting said radiators andextending across said flue space and Within the portion of the latternot occupied by said radiators; and b'aiiie means cooperating With saidconnecting now pipe to restrict air flow through the portion of the fluespace not occupied by said radiators so as to prevent the main body ofair from by-passing the heating surfaces of said radiators and, at thesame time, to provide a restricted now of air over said pipe forutilizing the heating surfaces of said pipe.

3. Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room Wall and having spacedair inlet and lair outlet openings therein and a flue space connectingsaid inlet and outlet openings; said casing means including a pairstantial distance from each other across the flue space; a ovr pipe forheating fluid extending across the ue space between radiators andconnecting the adjacent ends of said radiators; and baflie meanscooperating with said connecting ov/ pipe to restrict `air flow throughthe portions of the Hue space between said radiators so as 'to preventthe main body of air' from bypassing the heating surfaces of saidradiators and, at the same time, to provide a restricted flow of airover said connecting pipe for utilizing the heating surfaces of saidpipe.

4. Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room Wall and having spacedair inlet and air outlet openings therein and including Walls defining aflue space Within the interior thereof connecting said inlet and outletopenings; a convector heat-emitting device occupying a portion of saidflue space; a now pipe for heating uid connected to said device 5.Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiator enclosureadapted to be arranged alongside a room wall and having spaced air inletand air outlet openings therein and including walls dening a ilue spacewithin the interior thereof and connecting said inlet and outletopenings; a convector heat-emitting device occupying -a portion of saidflue space; a flow pipe for heating fluid connected to said device andextending laterally across said ue space and within the portion of thelatter not occupied by said device; and baille means extending inwardlyfrom the .defining walls of said casing means toward said flow pipe andterminating a slight distance from said flow pipe to provide for arestricted flow of air about said pipe land to prevent the by-passing ofthe main body of air past the heating surfaces of said device.

6. Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room wall and having spacedair inlet and air outlet openings therein and including Walls defining ailue space Within the interior thereof connecting said inlet and outthetwo end walls, respectively, and being spaced a substantial distancefrom each other laterally across the flue space; a flow pipe for heatingfluid connecting the adjacent ends of the radiators and extending acrossthe portion of the ue space not occupied by the radiators; and baillemeans extending inwardly from the casing Walls toward the connectingflow pipe to provide restricted flow of air through the portion of theflue space not occupied by the radiators.

7. Heating apparatus comprising casing means providing a radiatorenclosure adapted to be arranged alongside a room wall and having spacedair inlet and air outlet openings therein and including walls dening aflue space within the interior thereof connecting said inlet and outletopenings; a convector heat-emitting device occupying a portion of saidue space; a liow pipe for heating fluid connected to said device andextending laterally across said ilue space from said device and withinthe portion of the latter not occupied by said device; and baille meansfor restricting the flow of air through the laterallyspaced portions ofthe llue space not occupied by said device, and said baffle meanscomprising a saddle-like element including end members engaging theupper surfaces of the pipe and a pair of baille plates connecting theend elements and arranged, respectively, lengthwise of the pipe andbetween the opposite sides thereof and Ithe adjacent defining walls ofsaid casing means.

8. A saddle-like baille element for use with laterally extending flowpipes for convector radiators, comprising a pair of spaced end membershaving arcuate cut-away portions in their under sides, respectively,adapted to receive the upper surfaces of a flow pipe, and a pair ofbaille plates connecting, respectively, the outer ends of said endmembers and adapted to be arranged lengthwise of and at opposite sidesof a ilow pipe.

GEORGE M. MAIER.

